Figures checked 1 November 2026
Election 2027: 16 Jan
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Up to four places side by side: Nigeria, its six zones and its 37 states. Every figure is on one scale, with its source.

  • Adamawa
  • Kano
  • Kaduna
  • Gombe

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State · North East

Adamawa

Capital: Yola

Fertility rate (survey)
5.3 births per woman2024 · 12 of 37
Literacy, women
51.5%2024 · 26 of 37
Basic vaccination
38.4%2024 · 22 of 37

State · North West

Kano

Capital: Kano

Fertility rate (survey)
5.8 births per woman2024 · 7 of 37
Literacy, women
61.3%2024 · 19 of 37
Basic vaccination
35.8%2024 · 25 of 37

State · North West

Kaduna

Capital: Kaduna

Fertility rate (survey)
5.6 births per woman2024 · 9 of 37
Literacy, women
53.1%2024 · 25 of 37
Basic vaccination
35.7%2024 · 26 of 37

State · North East

Gombe

Capital: Gombe

Fertility rate (survey)
5.5 births per woman2024 · 10 of 37
Literacy, women
42.9%2024 · 28 of 37
Basic vaccination
49.2%2024 · 17 of 37

Key differences

Scorecard

FigureAdamawaKanoKadunaGombe
Population
Fertility rate (survey)5.3 births per woman 2024 · 12/375.8 births per woman 2024 · 7/37Highest5.6 births per woman 2024 · 9/375.5 births per woman 2024 · 10/37
Health
Basic vaccination38.4% 2024 · 22/3735.8% 2024 · 25/3735.7% 2024 · 26/3749.2% 2024 · 17/37Highest
Births in a health facility41.6% 2024 · 25/3732.7% 2024 · 28/3725.9% 2024 · 32/3748.5% 2024 · 21/37Highest
Child stunting48.6% 2024 · 9/3751.9% 2024 · 7/37Highest40.7% 2024 · 16/3750.6% 2024 · 8/37
Under-5 mortality (survey)144 per 1,000 births 2024 · 7/37158 per 1,000 births 2024 · 3/37Highest153 per 1,000 births 2024 · 5/37157 per 1,000 births 2024 · 4/37
Education
Literacy, men68.3% 2024 · 25/3771.4% 2024 · 22/37Highest65.6% 2024 · 27/3760.6% 2024 · 30/37
Literacy, women51.5% 2024 · 26/3761.3% 2024 · 19/37Highest53.1% 2024 · 25/3742.9% 2024 · 28/37
Energy
Households with electricity29.1% 2024 · 30/3742.9% 2024 · 22/3742.9% 2024 · 23/3744.4% 2024 · 21/37Highest

“Highest” marks the largest value, not the best result: for some figures, such as child deaths, lower is better. Ranks are among the states in the same survey round.

Then and now

How each figure changed between the earliest and latest period all 4 places share. Whether a rise is good news depends on the figure.

Fertility rate (survey)2013 to 2024
5.85.36.85.84.15.675.5
  • Adamawa−0.5
  • Kano−1.0
  • Kaduna+1.5
  • Gombe−1.5

Biggest change: Kaduna, which rose by 1.5 births per woman.

Basic vaccination2013 to 2024
40.4%38.4%13.2%35.8%35.3%35.7%22.4%49.2%
  • Adamawa−2.0 points
  • Kano+22.6 points
  • Kaduna+0.4 points
  • Gombe+26.8 points

Biggest change: Gombe, which rose by 26.8 points.

Births in a health facility2013 to 2024
34.8%41.6%13.6%32.7%33.6%25.9%31.1%48.5%
  • Adamawa+6.8 points
  • Kano+19.1 points
  • Kaduna−7.7 points
  • Gombe+17.4 points

Biggest change: Kano, which rose by 19.1 points.

Child stunting2013 to 2024
34.3%48.6%48.3%51.9%56.6%40.7%47.5%50.6%
  • Adamawa+14.3 points
  • Kano+3.6 points
  • Kaduna−15.9 points
  • Gombe+3.1 points

Biggest change: Kaduna, which fell by 15.9 points.

Under-5 mortality (survey)2013 to 2024
17414415815873153186157
  • Adamawa−30
  • Kano0
  • Kaduna+80
  • Gombe−29

Biggest change: Kaduna, which rose by 80 per 1,000 births.

Literacy, men2013 to 2024
77.7%68.3%75.8%71.4%77.8%65.6%66.6%60.6%
  • Adamawa−9.4 points
  • Kano−4.4 points
  • Kaduna−12.2 points
  • Gombe−6.0 points

Biggest change: Kaduna, which fell by 12.2 points.

Literacy, women2013 to 2024
53.2%51.5%36.3%61.3%51.8%53.1%32.7%42.9%
  • Adamawa−1.7 points
  • Kano+25.0 points
  • Kaduna+1.3 points
  • Gombe+10.2 points

Biggest change: Kano, which rose by 25.0 points.

Households with electricity2013 to 2024
37.6%29.1%52.1%42.9%53.5%42.9%48.1%44.4%
  • Adamawa−8.5 points
  • Kano−9.2 points
  • Kaduna−10.6 points
  • Gombe−3.7 points

Biggest change: Kaduna, which fell by 10.6 points.

Most similar states

The states whose figures are closest overall, across every figure published for all states. Similar figures, not a judgement.

Figure by figure

Population

Total fertility rate (DHS, births per woman)

  • Adamawa5.3 births per woman2024 · 12 of 37 states
  • Kano5.8 births per woman2024 · 7 of 37 states
  • Kaduna5.6 births per woman2024 · 9 of 37 states
  • Gombe5.5 births per woman2024 · 10 of 37 states

Fertility rate (survey): highest in Kano (5.8 births per woman), lowest in Adamawa (5.3 births per woman), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Health

Children 12–23 months with all basic vaccinations (%)

  • Adamawa38.4%2024 · 22 of 37 states
  • Kano35.8%2024 · 25 of 37 states
  • Kaduna35.7%2024 · 26 of 37 states
  • Gombe49.2%2024 · 17 of 37 states

Basic vaccination: highest in Gombe (49.2%), lowest in Kaduna (35.7%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Births delivered in a health facility (%)

  • Adamawa41.6%2024 · 25 of 37 states
  • Kano32.7%2024 · 28 of 37 states
  • Kaduna25.9%2024 · 32 of 37 states
  • Gombe48.5%2024 · 21 of 37 states

Births in a health facility: highest in Gombe (48.5%), lowest in Kaduna (25.9%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Children under 5 who are stunted (%)

  • Adamawa48.6%2024 · 9 of 37 states
  • Kano51.9%2024 · 7 of 37 states
  • Kaduna40.7%2024 · 16 of 37 states
  • Gombe50.6%2024 · 8 of 37 states

Child stunting: highest in Kano (51.9%), lowest in Kaduna (40.7%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Under-five mortality rate (DHS, per 1,000 live births)

  • Adamawa144 per 1,000 births2024 · 7 of 37 states
  • Kano158 per 1,000 births2024 · 3 of 37 states
  • Kaduna153 per 1,000 births2024 · 5 of 37 states
  • Gombe157 per 1,000 births2024 · 4 of 37 states

Under-5 mortality (survey): highest in Kano (158 per 1,000 births), lowest in Adamawa (144 per 1,000 births), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Education

Men aged 15–49 who are literate (%)

  • Adamawa68.3%2024 · 25 of 37 states
  • Kano71.4%2024 · 22 of 37 states
  • Kaduna65.6%2024 · 27 of 37 states
  • Gombe60.6%2024 · 30 of 37 states

Literacy, men: highest in Kano (71.4%), lowest in Gombe (60.6%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Women aged 15–49 who are literate (%)

  • Adamawa51.5%2024 · 26 of 37 states
  • Kano61.3%2024 · 19 of 37 states
  • Kaduna53.1%2024 · 25 of 37 states
  • Gombe42.9%2024 · 28 of 37 states

Literacy, women: highest in Kano (61.3%), lowest in Gombe (42.9%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Energy

Households with electricity (%)

  • Adamawa29.1%2024 · 30 of 37 states
  • Kano42.9%2024 · 22 of 37 states
  • Kaduna42.9%2024 · 23 of 37 states
  • Gombe44.4%2024 · 21 of 37 states

Households with electricity: highest in Gombe (44.4%), lowest in Adamawa (29.1%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together