Figures checked 1 November 2026
Election 2027: 16 Jan
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Up to four places side by side: Nigeria, its six zones and its 37 states. Every figure is on one scale, with its source.

  • Ebonyi
  • Imo
  • Nasarawa
  • Cross River

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State · South East

Ebonyi

Capital: Abakaliki

Fertility rate (survey)
4.7 births per woman2024 · 15 of 37
Literacy, women
60.9%2024 · 21 of 37
Basic vaccination
57.9%2024 · 7 of 37

State · South East

Imo

Capital: Owerri

Fertility rate (survey)
4.4 births per woman2024 · 17 of 37
Literacy, women
87.0%2024 · 7 of 37
Basic vaccination
59.1%2024 · 5 of 37

State · North Central

Nasarawa

Capital: Lafia

Fertility rate (survey)
4.3 births per woman2024 · 19 of 37
Literacy, women
55.1%2024 · 24 of 37
Basic vaccination
42.3%2024 · 21 of 37

State · South South

Cross River

Capital: Calabar

Fertility rate (survey)
3.0 births per woman2024 · 36 of 37
Literacy, women
81.6%2024 · 15 of 37
Basic vaccination
68.6%2024 · 1 of 37

Key differences

Scorecard

FigureEbonyiImoNasarawaCross River
Population
Fertility rate (survey)4.7 births per woman 2024 · 15/37Highest4.4 births per woman 2024 · 17/374.3 births per woman 2024 · 19/373.0 births per woman 2024 · 36/37
Health
Basic vaccination57.9% 2024 · 7/3759.1% 2024 · 5/3742.3% 2024 · 21/3768.6% 2024 · 1/37Highest
Births in a health facility79.4% 2024 · 13/3797.0% 2024 · 1/37Highest55.7% 2024 · 19/3758.8% 2024 · 17/37
Child stunting31.6% 2024 · 19/3717.3% 2024 · 30/3735.0% 2024 · 17/37Highest21.0% 2024 · 26/37
Under-5 mortality (survey)68 per 1,000 births 2024 · 22/3785 per 1,000 births 2024 · 16/37106 per 1,000 births 2024 · 12/37Highest60 per 1,000 births 2024 · 25/37
Education
Literacy, men76.4% 2024 · 21/3784.0% 2024 · 16/3767.7% 2024 · 26/3791.1% 2024 · 10/37Highest
Literacy, women60.9% 2024 · 21/3787.0% 2024 · 7/37Highest55.1% 2024 · 24/3781.6% 2024 · 15/37
Energy
Households with electricity35.9% 2024 · 28/3763.3% 2024 · 17/3765.2% 2024 · 15/37Highest39.1% 2024 · 26/37

“Highest” marks the largest value, not the best result: for some figures, such as child deaths, lower is better. Ranks are among the states in the same survey round.

Then and now

How each figure changed between the earliest and latest period all 4 places share. Whether a rise is good news depends on the figure.

Fertility rate (survey)2013 to 2024
5.34.74.84.45.44.35.43
  • Ebonyi−0.6
  • Imo−0.4
  • Nasarawa−1.1
  • Cross River−2.4

Biggest change: Cross River, which fell by 2.4 births per woman.

Basic vaccination2013 to 2024
51.1%57.9%62.4%59.1%20.1%42.3%52.5%68.6%
  • Ebonyi+6.8 points
  • Imo−3.3 points
  • Nasarawa+22.2 points
  • Cross River+16.1 points

Biggest change: Nasarawa, which rose by 22.2 points.

Births in a health facility2013 to 2024
63.3%79.4%89.9%97.0%44.9%55.7%41.2%58.8%
  • Ebonyi+16.1 points
  • Imo+7.1 points
  • Nasarawa+10.8 points
  • Cross River+17.6 points

Biggest change: Cross River, which rose by 17.6 points.

Child stunting2013 to 2024
16.2%31.6%16.9%17.3%34.5%35.0%21.7%21.0%
  • Ebonyi+15.4 points
  • Imo+0.4 points
  • Nasarawa+0.5 points
  • Cross River−0.7 points

Biggest change: Ebonyi, which rose by 15.4 points.

Under-5 mortality (survey)2013 to 2024
179681338511910610460
  • Ebonyi−111
  • Imo−48
  • Nasarawa−13
  • Cross River−44

Biggest change: Ebonyi, which fell by 111 per 1,000 births.

Literacy, men2013 to 2024
90.7%76.4%95.1%84.0%85.2%67.7%91.6%91.1%
  • Ebonyi−14.3 points
  • Imo−11.1 points
  • Nasarawa−17.5 points
  • Cross River−0.5 points

Biggest change: Nasarawa, which fell by 17.5 points.

Literacy, women2013 to 2024
68.6%60.9%93.3%87.0%57.9%55.1%72.8%81.6%
  • Ebonyi−7.7 points
  • Imo−6.3 points
  • Nasarawa−2.8 points
  • Cross River+8.8 points

Biggest change: Cross River, which rose by 8.8 points.

Households with electricity2013 to 2024
39.2%35.9%69.9%63.3%33.2%65.2%57.4%39.1%
  • Ebonyi−3.3 points
  • Imo−6.6 points
  • Nasarawa+32.0 points
  • Cross River−18.3 points

Biggest change: Nasarawa, which rose by 32.0 points.

Most similar states

The states whose figures are closest overall, across every figure published for all states. Similar figures, not a judgement.

Figure by figure

Population

Total fertility rate (DHS, births per woman)

  • Ebonyi4.7 births per woman2024 · 15 of 37 states
  • Imo4.4 births per woman2024 · 17 of 37 states
  • Nasarawa4.3 births per woman2024 · 19 of 37 states
  • Cross River3.0 births per woman2024 · 36 of 37 states

Fertility rate (survey): highest in Ebonyi (4.7 births per woman), lowest in Cross River (3.0 births per woman), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Health

Children 12–23 months with all basic vaccinations (%)

  • Ebonyi57.9%2024 · 7 of 37 states
  • Imo59.1%2024 · 5 of 37 states
  • Nasarawa42.3%2024 · 21 of 37 states
  • Cross River68.6%2024 · 1 of 37 states

Basic vaccination: highest in Cross River (68.6%), lowest in Nasarawa (42.3%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Births delivered in a health facility (%)

  • Ebonyi79.4%2024 · 13 of 37 states
  • Imo97.0%2024 · 1 of 37 states
  • Nasarawa55.7%2024 · 19 of 37 states
  • Cross River58.8%2024 · 17 of 37 states

Births in a health facility: highest in Imo (97.0%), lowest in Nasarawa (55.7%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Children under 5 who are stunted (%)

  • Ebonyi31.6%2024 · 19 of 37 states
  • Imo17.3%2024 · 30 of 37 states
  • Nasarawa35.0%2024 · 17 of 37 states
  • Cross River21.0%2024 · 26 of 37 states

Child stunting: highest in Nasarawa (35.0%), lowest in Imo (17.3%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Under-five mortality rate (DHS, per 1,000 live births)

  • Ebonyi68 per 1,000 births2024 · 22 of 37 states
  • Imo85 per 1,000 births2024 · 16 of 37 states
  • Nasarawa106 per 1,000 births2024 · 12 of 37 states
  • Cross River60 per 1,000 births2024 · 25 of 37 states

Under-5 mortality (survey): highest in Nasarawa (106 per 1,000 births), lowest in Cross River (60 per 1,000 births), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Education

Men aged 15–49 who are literate (%)

  • Ebonyi76.4%2024 · 21 of 37 states
  • Imo84.0%2024 · 16 of 37 states
  • Nasarawa67.7%2024 · 26 of 37 states
  • Cross River91.1%2024 · 10 of 37 states

Literacy, men: highest in Cross River (91.1%), lowest in Nasarawa (67.7%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Women aged 15–49 who are literate (%)

  • Ebonyi60.9%2024 · 21 of 37 states
  • Imo87.0%2024 · 7 of 37 states
  • Nasarawa55.1%2024 · 24 of 37 states
  • Cross River81.6%2024 · 15 of 37 states

Literacy, women: highest in Imo (87.0%), lowest in Nasarawa (55.1%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together

Energy

Households with electricity (%)

  • Ebonyi35.9%2024 · 28 of 37 states
  • Imo63.3%2024 · 17 of 37 states
  • Nasarawa65.2%2024 · 15 of 37 states
  • Cross River39.1%2024 · 26 of 37 states

Households with electricity: highest in Nasarawa (65.2%), lowest in Ebonyi (35.9%), 2024.

Source: The DHS Program (ICF), Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (DHS Program API).

Together